Midway Energy & Technology District
Upper Sandusky, Ohio - 146 acres off US 23/30
Proposed Charter Amendment on the November 3 ballot: What it would do and what the City is doing now
Upper Sandusky voters will decide on a proposed charter amendment that would prohibit the construction of data centers above 25 megawatts in the city. For the ballot question, what a Yes or No vote would mean, and the City's current review of its zoning rules, see our charter amendment page.
Learn more about the charter amendment →Current Status as of August 28, 2026
Nothing is approved. No application is pending. We hold an option on 146 acres, not the deed.
A city moratorium runs until January 2027 and bars any new data center application until it ends.
Community FAQ: What We Know So Far
The proposal
What is a data center?
A building full of computers that store and process information for other companies: the websites, apps, banking, streaming, hospital records, emergency dispatch and AI services people use. It is not an office. Very few people work inside one relative to its size, and it runs 24 hours a day.
What would be built on this site?
The power plant. A 150 megawatt natural gas plant on about 46 acres, using reciprocating engines: large piston engines, mechanically the same idea as a car engine, scaled up.
Smartland Energy would build, own and run this.
The data center.A computing facility(s) on about 100 acres that would buy the plant's electricity.
Smartland would not build, own or run this. A separate company(s) would, and it would need its own approvals from the city. No end user has been proposed or agreed to yet.
Is this a hyperscale data center?
No. A hyperscale campus runs several hundred megawatts. This plant is 150 megawatts, and is sized for co-location: power generation built alongside one computing campus that buys its output directly, in the 20 to 120 megawatt range.
Who would the end user be?
No end user has been proposed or agreed to. No contract exists and no company has been selected. What we can tell you is the categories of buyer a co-located site this size is built for, and roughly what each one draws. The ranges below are typical demand for each category of facility:
| Type of user | Typical demand |
|---|---|
| AI cloud companies: specialty providers that rent computing capacity to businesses running artificial intelligence. The fastest-growing buyers of power in the country right now. | 25–120 MW |
| Government and defense computing: federal agencies, national laboratories and defense contractors. Ohio already hosts major federal research and defense installations. | 25–100 MW |
| Universities and research institutions: medical research, drug discovery, weather and climate modeling, materials science. Large research universities and multi-university consortia are the scale this describes. | 20–50 MW |
| Large corporations: hospital systems, banks, insurers, manufacturers and pharmaceutical companies running their own private AI systems. | 20–60 MW |
| AI research labs: the companies developing the AI models themselves. They contract in phases, so this site would serve one phase of a larger program rather than the whole of it. | Varies by phase |
Two things to read from that table. The upper end of every range sits below the plant's 150 MW: the generation is sized to one campus rather than to a share of the grid. The eventual operator would need its own approvals from the city, in public.
The site and the land
How was this site selected?
The county was advertising it. In November 2025 we answered a public listing for industrially zoned land near US 23/30, land the city rezoned to General Manufacturing in May 2024.
Do you own the land?
No. We hold an option: a paid right to buy the land at an agreed price from a local family, exercised at the time of approval. Until then we do not own it, and the family does. The commercial terms are confidential under our agreement with the owner. Any purchase becomes public record at the county.
Without approval the option lapses and the land stays with its owner. If our option lapses, the zoning does not revert and the listing does not come down. What gets built there is a question for the city, with or without us.
Power and water
Will this raise my electric bill?
The 150 MW is generated on the site and delivered directly to the user, behind the meter. We are not asking AEP for 150 MW of new large-load capacity and we are not asking for a large-load tariff. For the generation, the mechanism that drives the increases shared widely today is not a factor in our project.
Does this compete with homes and businesses for power?
Not for grid capacity, for the reason above: the generation is being built with the load rather than taken from what exists.
How much water would this use, and does the city have it?
Expected daily use
| Power plant | About 2,000 GPD, roughly seven households |
|---|---|
| Data center | About 50,000 GPD |
| Both together | About 52,000 GPD |
| Design maximum, whole site | 55,000 GPD. This is not the average daily draw, it is the ceiling we are willing to be held to |
Does the city have the capacity?
The site listing we worked from cited over a million gallons a day available. That figure dates to 2021, and is not a current number:
From November 2026, another industrial user takes up the remaining capacity of the existing water treatment plant. The city is working with that user to expand the plant. The expansion would cover that user's needs and return roughly 150,000 gallons a day of spare capacity to the city. That expansion uses up what the existing plant can be expanded to. Beyond it, more capacity means building a second treatment plant.
If a second treatment plant becomes necessary, we believe the projects that contributed to using the capacity have a part in funding it. That's what a commitment to this community looks like in practice and we support it.
Air, noise and traffic
Will this affect local air quality?
Natural gas, burned in reciprocating engines, is subject to federal emissions standards for stationary engines. Final numbers depend on the final engine selection, which does not exist yet.
What is settled is which process applies: an Ohio Power Siting Board certificate, plus an Ohio EPA air permit. The air permit must be issued before ground is broken or any engine is installed, and it must demonstrate Best Available Technology for whatever class the plant falls in.
When you see the real numbers, and how to object
Ohio EPA publishes a draft permit for public comment before any permit is final, with its own engineering evaluation showing the calculations. Subscribe at epa.ohio.gov/public-noticesfor Wyandot County and you'll be told the day a draft is issued and when comments close. If you don't comment during that window, you generally lose your standing to appeal the permit later.
Where does the sound study stand?
A first look is already done. On August 27 and 28, 2026 we measured ambient sound at six positions around the site, day and night: 64 dBA in the daytime and 59 dBA at night. That was a screening pass with a NIOSH meter, not a compliance measurement, and late-summer readings run high because of insect noise. We will hold ourselves to the lower winter number.
Here is the sequence from here, and what gets published at each step:
- Before Council votes.A preliminary sound model, published, showing the plant's contribution at the nearest home in dBA and dBC, with an updated site layout if the model calls for one.
- After first frost. A Class 1 calibrated baseline by an INCE-certified acoustician, measured once insect season ends so the quietest condition sets the baseline. Published on this website.
- With the permit. The final acoustic study, filed as a permit condition. Exceed it and the plant is in violation.
- After construction. Verification at the same six positions, published.
The peer reviewer is chosen by the City and paid by Smartland Energy. If the model exceeds the sound limit, we redesign before we build.
Who holds you to a noise limit?
We support a project ordinance setting 55 dBA at the closest receptor as the standard our equipment is designed to meet, with baseline monitoring before construction and verification testing after.
The Ohio Power Siting Board reviews noise as part of deciding whether this plant can be built at all, and it can attach binding conditions to its certificate. A comparable 350 MW behind-the-meter plant in Wood County was approved in February 2026 with 34 conditions attached. Those conditions are enforceable.
Once operating, noise from a permitted source is an Ohio EPA complaint matter. The city can also attach its own conditions on the data center side through zoning.
Will there be additional traffic?
At the average through the build there would be roughly 660 workers on site on a working day, with peaks higher. Haul routes get planned with the county engineer to keep them off residential streets. Once running, the plant is a small permanent staff commuting in, fuel arriving by pipeline rather than truck, and occasional maintenance.
Oversight
Who oversees this process, and what can I actually do about it?
Two separate approvals:
- The City of Upper Sandusky decides what land uses are allowed here, and controls the water, by ordinance.
- The State of Ohio. The Ohio Power Siting Board decides whether a plant this size may be built at all: 50 MW is the trigger and this is 150 MW, with no behind-the-meter exemption in the statute. A staff investigation, a public hearing in or near this county at which any person may testify, and eight findings the Board must make, including minimum environmental impact and an express finding on farmland.
Published by Smartland Energy. Figures are current estimates. Final design, emissions, water use and site details are subject to engineering and to state and local permitting, which include public comment. If something here is wrong, tell us. We will correct it on the page.